中西方觀念差別----從彎腰郵筒與家事分工談中英文差異
fictional plot： refers to the sequence of events inside a story which affect other events through the principle of cause and effect.
Mimesis：a critical and philosophical term that carries a wide range of meanings, which include imitation, representation, mimicry, imitatio, receptivity, nonsensuous similarity, the act of resembling, the act of expression, and the presentation of the self.
flat character VS. round character
In his book Aspects of the novel, E. M. Forster defined two basic types of characters, their qualities, functions, and importance for the development of the novel
flat character： Flat characters are two-dimensional, in that they are relatively uncomplicated.
round character：round characters are complex figures with many different characteristics and undergo development, sometimes sufficiently to surprise the reader.
round character：round characters are complex figures with many different characteristics and undergo development, sometimes sufficiently to surprise the reader.
fables, parable, and allegory
fables： a literary genre: a succinct fictional story, in prose or verse, that features animals, mythical creatures, plants, inanimate objects, or forces of nature that are anthropomorphized and that illustrates or leads to a moral, which may at the end be added explicitly as a pithy maxim.
parable： a succinct, didactic story, in prose or verse, which illustrates one or more instructive lessons or principles. It differs from a fable in that fables employ animals, plants, inanimate objects, or forces of nature as characters, whereas parables have human characters. A parable is a type of analogy.
allegory： an allegory in its most general sense is an extended metaphor. Allegory has been used widely throughout history in all forms of art, largely because it can readily illustrate complex ideas and concepts in ways that are comprehensible or striking to its viewers, readers, or listeners.
Historical fiction：a literary genre in which the plot takes place in a setting located in the past. Historical fiction can be an ambiguous term: frequently it is used as a synonym for describing the historical novel; however, the term can be applied to works in other narrative formats, such as those in the performing and visual arts like theatre, opera, cinema, television, comics, and graphic novels.
Foreshadowing or guessing ahead：a literary device by which an author hints what is to come. Foreshadowing is a dramatic device in which an important plot-point is mentioned early in the story and will return in a more significant way. It is used to avoid disappointment. It is also sometimes used to arouse the reader.
flashback：an interjected scene that takes the narrative back in time from the current point in the story. Flashbacks are often used to recount events that happened before the story's primary sequence of events to fill in crucial backstory.
in medias res (Classical Latin "into the middle things")： opens in the midst of action.
An antihero (or antiheroine)：a protagonist who lacks conventional heroic qualities such as idealism, courage, or morality. These individuals often possess dark personality traits such as disagreeableness, dishonesty, and aggressiveness. These characters are usually considered "conspicuously contrary to an archetypal hero".
A protagonist ：is the main character in any story, such as a literary work or drama. For example, the protagonist of Spiderman is Peter Parker(Spiderman).
An antagonist：a group of characters, institution, or concept that stands in or represents opposition against which the protagonist(s) must contend. In other words, an antagonist is a person or a group of people who opposes a protagonist.
heroine：the main female character in a novel, play, film, etc
virtual：having the essence or effect but not the appearance or form of
Verisimilitude (or truthlikeness)：a philosophical concept that distinguishes between the relative and apparent (or seemingly so) truth and falsity of assertions and hypotheses. The problem of verisimilitude is the problem of articulating what it takes for one false theory to be closer to the truth than another false theory.
a boy cry wolf 狼來了
flatmate：an associate who shares an apartment with you in the same floor
bread maker：the one who earn money to raise whole family
pay ~
pay a visit：to visit someone or something
pay respect：to honor someone; to have and show respect for someone
pay compliment：to give someone a compliment.
allegory： an allegory in its most general sense is an extended metaphor. Allegory has been used widely throughout history in all forms of art, largely because it can readily illustrate complex ideas and concepts in ways that are comprehensible or striking to its viewers, readers, or listeners.
Historical fiction：a literary genre in which the plot takes place in a setting located in the past. Historical fiction can be an ambiguous term: frequently it is used as a synonym for describing the historical novel; however, the term can be applied to works in other narrative formats, such as those in the performing and visual arts like theatre, opera, cinema, television, comics, and graphic novels.
Foreshadowing or guessing ahead：a literary device by which an author hints what is to come. Foreshadowing is a dramatic device in which an important plot-point is mentioned early in the story and will return in a more significant way. It is used to avoid disappointment. It is also sometimes used to arouse the reader.
flashback：an interjected scene that takes the narrative back in time from the current point in the story. Flashbacks are often used to recount events that happened before the story's primary sequence of events to fill in crucial backstory.
in medias res (Classical Latin "into the middle things")： opens in the midst of action.
An antihero (or antiheroine)：a protagonist who lacks conventional heroic qualities such as idealism, courage, or morality. These individuals often possess dark personality traits such as disagreeableness, dishonesty, and aggressiveness. These characters are usually considered "conspicuously contrary to an archetypal hero".
A protagonist ：is the main character in any story, such as a literary work or drama. For example, the protagonist of Spiderman is Peter Parker(Spiderman).
An antagonist：a group of characters, institution, or concept that stands in or represents opposition against which the protagonist(s) must contend. In other words, an antagonist is a person or a group of people who opposes a protagonist.
heroine：the main female character in a novel, play, film, etc
virtual：having the essence or effect but not the appearance or form of
Verisimilitude (or truthlikeness)：a philosophical concept that distinguishes between the relative and apparent (or seemingly so) truth and falsity of assertions and hypotheses. The problem of verisimilitude is the problem of articulating what it takes for one false theory to be closer to the truth than another false theory.
a boy cry wolf 狼來了
flatmate：an associate who shares an apartment with you in the same floor
bread maker：the one who earn money to raise whole family
pay ~
pay a visit：to visit someone or something
pay respect：to honor someone; to have and show respect for someone
pay compliment：to give someone a compliment.
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